AITakeover Tracker
24%low risk

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General

Perform work involving the skills of two or more maintenance or craft occupations to keep machines, mechanical equipment, or the structure of an establishment in repair. Duties may involve pipe fitting; boiler making; insulating; welding; machining; carpentry; repairing electrical or mechanical equipment; installing, aligning, and balancing new equipment; and repairing buildings, floors, or stairs.

Green Enhanced SkillsHigher risk than 16% of occupations

AI Impact Summary

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General faces low AI displacement risk with a score of 24/100. This occupation has higher AI displacement risk than 16% of all analyzed occupations. Of 30 analyzed tasks, 3 are highly automatable, particularly routine cognitive tasks. Strong protective factors — including social intelligence, creativity, or regulatory barriers — significantly reduce effective risk.

Skill Impact Analysis

AI-Vulnerable Skills (6)

Information Ordering5%

High reliance on Information Ordering is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

Reading Comprehension10%

Reading Comprehension is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

Mathematics10%

Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

Memorization5%

Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

Mathematics10%

Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

Programming15%

Programming is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

AI-Resistant Skills (11)

Equipment Maintenance78%

Equipment Maintenance is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Manual Dexterity80%

Manual Dexterity is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Adaptability/Flexibility85%

Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Leadership88%

Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Complex Problem Solving75%

Complex Problem Solving is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Coordination70%

Coordination is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Social Perceptiveness90%

Social Perceptiveness is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Service Orientation82%

Service Orientation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

AI-Augmented Skills (7)

Critical ThinkingMonitoringJudgment and Decision MakingActive LearningWritingSystems AnalysisTechnology Design

Recommended Courses

Courses matched to Maintenance and Repair Workers, General skill gaps, ranked by relevance to your displacement risk profile.

Get personalized recommendations. Answer a few questions about your experience and skills to get course suggestions tailored specifically to you.

Upskill to Reduce Risk

Courses addressing your most AI-vulnerable skills

DataCampbeginner

SQL Fundamentals Skill Track

by DataCamp

21 hours$25/mo4.7Certificate
Addresses vulnerability: Information Ordering

Estimated Impact

-7.3pt risk+$3K/yr salary

AI-Augmentation Tools

Learn to work alongside AI and boost your productivity

Pluralsightbeginner

Cybersecurity Fundamentals Path

by Pluralsight

30 hours$29/mo4.5Certificate
Enhances AI augmentation: Monitoring

Estimated Impact

-4.9pt risk+$2K/yr salary

Strengthen Your Edge

Double down on skills AI can't replicate

Courseraintermediate

Leading People and Teams Specialization

by University of Michigan

~6 weeks$49/mo4.7Certificate
Strengthens resilience: Leadership

Estimated Impact

-3.6pt risk+$3K/yr salary

We may earn a commission when you enroll through our links, at no extra cost to you. This helps fund the Takeover Tracker.

Risk reduction and salary impact are estimates based on skill gap analysis, course relevance, and labor market data. Actual results vary by individual circumstance.

Education & Training

Percentage of workers at each education and training level

Education Level

Less than High School15%
High School Diploma37%
Some College30%
Post-Secondary Certificate14%
Associate's Degree4%

Prior Experience Needed

Work experience required to enter this job

None3%
Up to 1 month1%
1-3 months21%
3-6 months1%
6 months - 1 year4%
1-2 years35%
2-4 years8%
4-6 years18%
6-8 years4%
8-10 years1%
Over 10 years4%

Training Provided After Hiring

How long it typically takes to learn on the job

None1%
Up to 1 month4%
1-3 months21%
3-6 months15%
6 months - 1 year32%
1-2 years19%
2-4 years3%
4-6 years3%
6-8 years1%

How AI Impacts Each Task

30 tasks analyzed

Inspect, operate, or test machinery or equipment to diagnose machine malfunctions.

Risk: 41.0%AI: 35EstimatedTime: 6%

Dismantle machines, equipment, or devices to access and remove defective parts, using hoists, cranes, hand tools, or power tools.

Risk: 11.0%AI: 5EstimatedTime: 6%

Diagnose mechanical problems and determine how to correct them, checking blueprints, repair manuals, or parts catalogs, as necessary.

Risk: 54.5%AI: 68.75ObservedTime: 6%

Perform routine maintenance, such as inspecting drives, motors, or belts, checking fluid levels, replacing filters, or doing other preventive maintenance actions.

Risk: 41.0%AI: 20EstimatedTime: 8%

Repair machines, equipment, or structures, using tools such as hammers, hoists, saws, drills, wrenches, or equipment such as precision measuring instruments or electrical or electronic testing devices.

Risk: 11.0%AI: 5EstimatedTime: 8%

Maintain or repair specialized equipment or machinery located in cafeterias, laundries, hospitals, stores, offices, or factories.

Risk: 11.0%AI: 5EstimatedTime: 5%

Assemble boilers at installation sites, using tools such as levels, plumb bobs, hammers, torches, or other hand tools.

Risk: 11.0%AI: 5EstimatedTime: 2%

Assemble, install, or repair wiring, electrical or electronic components, pipe systems, plumbing, machinery, or equipment.

Risk: 11.0%AI: 5EstimatedTime: 6%

Test and treat water supply.

Risk: 58.1%AI: 62.85ObservedTime: 2%

Clean or lubricate shafts, bearings, gears, or other parts of machinery.

Risk: 41.0%AI: 20EstimatedTime: 4%

Adjust functional parts of devices or control instruments, using hand tools, levels, plumb bobs, or straightedges.

Risk: 11.0%AI: 5EstimatedTime: 4%

Perform routine maintenance on boilers, such as replacing burners or hoses, installing replacement parts, or reinforcing structural weaknesses to ensure optimal boiler efficiency.

Risk: 41.0%AI: 20EstimatedTime: 2%

Order parts, supplies, or equipment from catalogs or suppliers.

Risk: 86.0%AI: 92EstimatedTime: 3%

Plan and lay out repair work, using diagrams, drawings, blueprints, maintenance manuals, or schematic diagrams.

Risk: 53.0%AI: 65EstimatedTime: 4%

Install equipment to improve the energy or operational efficiency of residential or commercial buildings.

Risk: 11.0%AI: 5EstimatedTime: 2%

Set up and operate machine tools to repair or fabricate machine parts, jigs, fixtures, or tools.

Risk: 13.0%AI: 10EstimatedTime: 2%

Perform general cleaning duties of buildings or properties.

Risk: 49.0%AI: 40EstimatedTime: 3%

Train or manage maintenance personnel or subcontractors.

Risk: 23.0%AI: 20EstimatedTime: 2%

Paint or repair roofs, windows, doors, floors, woodwork, plaster, drywall, or other parts of building structures.

Risk: 11.0%AI: 5EstimatedTime: 4%

Align and balance new equipment after installation.

Risk: 13.0%AI: 10EstimatedTime: 2%

Provide groundskeeping services, such as landscaping or snow removal.

Risk: 51.0%AI: 45EstimatedTime: 2%

Operate cutting torches or welding equipment to cut or join metal parts.

Risk: 13.0%AI: 10EstimatedTime: 2%

Inspect used parts to determine changes in dimensional requirements, using rules, calipers, micrometers, or other measuring instruments.

Risk: 47.0%AI: 35EstimatedTime: 2%

Record type and cost of maintenance or repair work.

Risk: 86.0%AI: 92EstimatedTime: 3%

Fabricate or repair counters, benches, partitions, or other wooden structures, such as sheds or outbuildings.

Risk: 11.0%AI: 5EstimatedTime: 2%

Position, attach, or blow insulating materials to prevent energy losses from buildings, pipes, or other structures or objects.

Risk: 41.0%AI: 20EstimatedTime: 2%

Estimate costs to repair machinery, equipment, or building structures.

Risk: 84.0%AI: 87EstimatedTime: 2%

Grind and reseat valves, using valve-grinding machines.

Risk: 43.0%AI: 25EstimatedTime: 2%

Design new equipment to aid in the repair or maintenance of machines, mechanical equipment, or building structures.

Risk: 51.0%AI: 60EstimatedTime: 2%

Lay brick to repair or maintain buildings, walls, arches, or other structures.

Risk: 13.0%AI: 10EstimatedTime: 2%

Protective Factors

Total protective discount: 25.9%

Essential Soft Skills

Traits that are hard for AI to replicate

IntegrityAttention to DetailCooperationDependabilitySelf ControlIndependenceConcern for OthersAdaptability/FlexibilityAnalytical ThinkingInitiativePersistenceInnovation

Wage & Employment (2024)

Median Wage

$48,620

per year

Mean Wage

$52,430

per year

Employment

1.5M

workers

Wage Range

$33,860 - $76,110

10th - 90th pct

Wage Distribution

$33,860Median: $48,620$76,110
Career Planning

Explore other career paths

Compare displacement risk across occupations and find careers with stronger long-term prospects.

Alternate Career Paths

See all transitions

Millwrights

15%
Low Risk

Median salary: $65,170

Higher risk than 1% of other occupations

Signal and Track Switch Repairers

18%
Low Risk

Median salary: $83,600

Higher risk than 3% of other occupations

Pipe Fitters and Steamfitters

18%
Low Risk

Median salary: $62,970

Higher risk than 3% of other occupations

Plumbers

19%
Low Risk

Median salary: $62,970

Higher risk than 5% of other occupations

Motorboat Mechanics and Service Technicians

19%
Low Risk

Median salary: $54,950

Higher risk than 5% of other occupations

Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers

20%
Low Risk

Median salary: $53,990

Higher risk than 7% of other occupations

Motorcycle Mechanics

20%
Low Risk

Median salary: $47,200

Higher risk than 7% of other occupations

Industrial Machinery Mechanics

24%
Low Risk

Median salary: $63,760

Higher risk than 16% of other occupations

Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door

26%
Medium Risk

Median salary: $74,690

Higher risk than 21% of other occupations

Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators

42%
Medium Risk

Median salary: $75,190

Higher risk than 85% of other occupations

Sales Managers

25%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 20% of other occupations

Chief Executives

26%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 23% of other occupations

General and Operations Managers

28%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 29% of other occupations

Marketing Managers

30%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 38% of other occupations

Advertising and Promotions Managers

31%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 43% of other occupations

Computer and Information Systems Managers

31%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 45% of other occupations

Subscribed — always updated

Recommendations

Skills to Develop

These skills are at risk from AI automation. Maintenance and Repair Workers, General professionals should diversify beyond them.

  • Information Ordering

    High reliance on Information Ordering is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

  • Reading Comprehension

    Reading Comprehension is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

  • Mathematics

    Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

  • Memorization

    Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

  • Mathematics

    Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

Skills to Leverage

These human-centric skills remain difficult for AI to replicate. Double down here.

  • Equipment Maintenance

    Equipment Maintenance is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

  • Manual Dexterity

    Manual Dexterity is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

  • Adaptability/Flexibility

    Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

  • Leadership

    Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

  • Complex Problem Solving

    Complex Problem Solving is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Tools to Adopt

AI can amplify these skills. Learn the tools that augment rather than replace your work.

  • Critical Thinking

    Critical Thinking will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

  • Monitoring

    Monitoring will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

  • Judgment and Decision Making

    Judgment and Decision Making will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

  • Active Learning

    Active Learning will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

  • Writing

    Writing will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

Score History

Risk score over 2 scoring runs

-1.4

overall change

Checking for existing plan...

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