General and Operations Managers
Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of public or private sector organizations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, purchasing, or administrative services.
AI Impact Summary
General and Operations Managers faces moderate AI displacement risk with a score of 28/100. This occupation has higher AI displacement risk than 29% of all analyzed occupations. Of 17 analyzed tasks, 3 are highly automatable, particularly routine cognitive tasks. Strong protective factors — including social intelligence, creativity, or regulatory barriers — significantly reduce effective risk.
Skill Impact Analysis
AI-Vulnerable Skills (6)
High reliance on Reading Comprehension is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
High reliance on Information Ordering is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Programming is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
AI-Resistant Skills (11)
Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Coordination is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Social Perceptiveness is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Negotiation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Complex Problem Solving is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Persuasion is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Service Orientation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
AI-Augmented Skills (7)
Recommended Courses
Courses matched to General and Operations Managers skill gaps, ranked by relevance to your displacement risk profile.
Get personalized recommendations. Answer a few questions about your experience and skills to get course suggestions tailored specifically to you.
Upskill to Reduce Risk
Courses addressing your most AI-vulnerable skills
Google Technical Writing
by Google
Estimated Impact
AI-Augmentation Tools
Learn to work alongside AI and boost your productivity
Cybersecurity Fundamentals Path
by Pluralsight
Estimated Impact
Strengthen Your Edge
Double down on skills AI can't replicate
Leading People and Teams Specialization
by University of Michigan
Estimated Impact
We may earn a commission when you enroll through our links, at no extra cost to you. This helps fund the Takeover Tracker.
Risk reduction and salary impact are estimates based on skill gap analysis, course relevance, and labor market data. Actual results vary by individual circumstance.
Education & Training
Percentage of workers at each education and training level
Education Level
Prior Experience Needed
Work experience required to enter this job
Training Provided After Hiring
How long it typically takes to learn on the job
How AI Impacts Each Task
17 tasks analyzed
Review financial statements, sales or activity reports, or other performance data to measure productivity or goal achievement or to identify areas needing cost reduction or program improvement.
Direct and coordinate activities of businesses or departments concerned with the production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products.
Direct administrative activities directly related to making products or providing services.
Prepare staff work schedules and assign specific duties.
Set prices or credit terms for goods or services based on forecasts of customer demand.
Monitor suppliers to ensure that they efficiently and effectively provide needed goods or services within budgetary limits.
Direct or coordinate financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency.
Manage the movement of goods into and out of production facilities to ensure efficiency, effectiveness, or sustainability of operations.
Perform sales floor work, such as greeting or assisting customers, stocking shelves, or taking inventory.
Establish or implement departmental policies, goals, objectives, or procedures in conjunction with board members, organization officials, or staff members.
Perform personnel functions such as selection, training, or evaluation.
Plan or direct activities such as sales promotions that require coordination with other department managers.
Develop or implement product-marketing strategies, including advertising campaigns or sales promotions.
Recommend locations for new facilities or oversee the remodeling or renovating of current facilities.
Implement or oversee environmental management or sustainability programs addressing issues such as recycling, conservation, or waste management.
Direct non-merchandising departments of businesses, such as advertising or purchasing.
Plan store layouts or design displays.
| Task | AI Capability | Risk | Time % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Review financial statements, sales or activity reports, or other performance data to measure productivity or goal achievement or to identify areas needing cost reduction or program improvement. | 53.25Observed | 48.3% | 10% | |
| Direct and coordinate activities of businesses or departments concerned with the production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products. | 20Estimated | 23.0% | 15% | |
| Direct administrative activities directly related to making products or providing services. | 20Estimated | 23.0% | 10% | |
| Prepare staff work schedules and assign specific duties. | 90Estimated | 85.2% | 5% | |
| Set prices or credit terms for goods or services based on forecasts of customer demand. | 55Observed | 49.0% | 4% | |
| Monitor suppliers to ensure that they efficiently and effectively provide needed goods or services within budgetary limits. | 54.7Observed | 71.1% | 5% | |
| Direct or coordinate financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency. | 60Estimated | 51.0% | 8% | |
| Manage the movement of goods into and out of production facilities to ensure efficiency, effectiveness, or sustainability of operations. | 92Estimated | 86.0% | 5% | |
| Perform sales floor work, such as greeting or assisting customers, stocking shelves, or taking inventory. | 10Estimated | 19.0% | 4% | |
| Establish or implement departmental policies, goals, objectives, or procedures in conjunction with board members, organization officials, or staff members. | 35Estimated | 41.0% | 8% | |
| Perform personnel functions such as selection, training, or evaluation. | 30Estimated | 27.0% | 8% | |
| Plan or direct activities such as sales promotions that require coordination with other department managers. | 20Estimated | 23.0% | 5% | |
| Develop or implement product-marketing strategies, including advertising campaigns or sales promotions. | 63.85Observed | 52.5% | 4% | |
| Recommend locations for new facilities or oversee the remodeling or renovating of current facilities. | 50Estimated | 47.0% | 3% | |
| Implement or oversee environmental management or sustainability programs addressing issues such as recycling, conservation, or waste management. | 50Estimated | 47.0% | 2% | |
| Direct non-merchandising departments of businesses, such as advertising or purchasing. | 30Estimated | 27.0% | 2% | |
| Plan store layouts or design displays. | 60Estimated | 51.0% | 2% |
Protective Factors
Total protective discount: 32.6%
Essential Soft Skills
Traits that are hard for AI to replicate
Wage & Employment (2024)
Median Wage
$102,950
per year
Mean Wage
$133,120
per year
Employment
3.6M
workers
Wage Range
$47,420 - $239,200
10th - 90th pct
Wage Distribution
Explore other career paths
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Alternate Career Paths
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First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators
30%Higher risk than 41% of other occupations
Lodging Managers
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Higher risk than 48% of other occupations
Logistics Managers
32%Median salary: $102,010
Higher risk than 50% of other occupations
Purchasing Managers
34%Median salary: $139,510
Higher risk than 60% of other occupations
Storage and Distribution Managers
34%Median salary: $102,010
Higher risk than 62% of other occupations
First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers
34%Median salary: $66,140
Higher risk than 62% of other occupations
Food Service Managers
36%Median salary: $65,310
Higher risk than 69% of other occupations
Administrative Services Managers
36%Higher risk than 69% of other occupations
Gaming Managers
39%Median salary: $85,580
Higher risk than 78% of other occupations
Sales Managers
25%Higher risk than 20% of other occupations
Chief Executives
26%Higher risk than 23% of other occupations
Marketing Managers
30%Higher risk than 38% of other occupations
Advertising and Promotions Managers
31%Higher risk than 43% of other occupations
Computer and Information Systems Managers
31%Higher risk than 45% of other occupations
Financial Managers
Recommendations
Skills to Develop
These skills are at risk from AI automation. General and Operations Managers professionals should diversify beyond them.
- Reading Comprehension
High reliance on Reading Comprehension is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
- Mathematics
High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
- Information Ordering
High reliance on Information Ordering is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
- Mathematics
Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
- Memorization
Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Skills to Leverage
These human-centric skills remain difficult for AI to replicate. Double down here.
- Leadership
Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Adaptability/Flexibility
Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Coordination
Coordination is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Social Perceptiveness
Social Perceptiveness is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Negotiation
Negotiation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Tools to Adopt
AI can amplify these skills. Learn the tools that augment rather than replace your work.
- Monitoring
Monitoring will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Active Learning
Active Learning will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Judgment and Decision Making
Judgment and Decision Making will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Writing
Writing will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
Score History
Risk score over 3 scoring runs
overall change