Chief Executives
Determine and formulate policies and provide overall direction of companies or private and public sector organizations within guidelines set up by a board of directors or similar governing body. Plan, direct, or coordinate operational activities at the highest level of management with the help of subordinate executives and staff managers.
AI Impact Summary
Chief Executives faces moderate AI displacement risk with a score of 26/100. This occupation has higher AI displacement risk than 23% of all analyzed occupations. Of 31 analyzed tasks, 3 are highly automatable, particularly routine cognitive tasks. Strong protective factors — including social intelligence, creativity, or regulatory barriers — significantly reduce effective risk.
Skill Impact Analysis
AI-Vulnerable Skills (6)
High reliance on Reading Comprehension is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
High reliance on Information Ordering is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Programming is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
AI-Resistant Skills (11)
Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Complex Problem Solving is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Social Perceptiveness is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Coordination is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Persuasion is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Negotiation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Instructing is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
AI-Augmented Skills (7)
Recommended Courses
Courses matched to Chief Executives skill gaps, ranked by relevance to your displacement risk profile.
Get personalized recommendations. Answer a few questions about your experience and skills to get course suggestions tailored specifically to you.
Upskill to Reduce Risk
Courses addressing your most AI-vulnerable skills
SQL Fundamentals Skill Track
by DataCamp
Estimated Impact
AI-Augmentation Tools
Learn to work alongside AI and boost your productivity
Systems Thinking In Practice
by The Open University
Estimated Impact
Strengthen Your Edge
Double down on skills AI can't replicate
Leading People and Teams Specialization
by University of Michigan
Estimated Impact
We may earn a commission when you enroll through our links, at no extra cost to you. This helps fund the Takeover Tracker.
Risk reduction and salary impact are estimates based on skill gap analysis, course relevance, and labor market data. Actual results vary by individual circumstance.
Education & Training
Percentage of workers at each education and training level
Education Level
Prior Experience Needed
Work experience required to enter this job
Training Provided After Hiring
How long it typically takes to learn on the job
How AI Impacts Each Task
31 tasks analyzed
Direct or coordinate an organization's financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency.
Appoint department heads or managers and assign or delegate responsibilities to them.
Analyze operations to evaluate performance of a company or its staff in meeting objectives or to determine areas of potential cost reduction, program improvement, or policy change.
Direct, plan, or implement policies, objectives, or activities of organizations or businesses to ensure continuing operations, to maximize returns on investments, or to increase productivity.
Direct or coordinate activities of businesses or departments concerned with production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products.
Prepare budgets for approval, including those for funding or implementation of programs.
Confer with board members, organization officials, or staff members to discuss issues, coordinate activities, or resolve problems.
Implement corrective action plans to solve organizational or departmental problems.
Direct human resources activities, including the approval of human resource plans or activities, the selection of directors or other high-level staff, or establishment or organization of major departments.
Establish departmental responsibilities and coordinate functions among departments and sites.
Preside over or serve on boards of directors, management committees, or other governing boards.
Negotiate or approve contracts or agreements with suppliers, distributors, federal or state agencies, or other organizational entities.
Make presentations to legislative or other government committees regarding policies, programs, or budgets.
Refer major policy matters to elected representatives for final decisions.
Coordinate the development or implementation of budgetary control systems, recordkeeping systems, or other administrative control processes.
Direct or coordinate activities of businesses involved with buying or selling investment products or financial services.
Review reports submitted by staff members to recommend approval or to suggest changes.
Conduct or direct investigations or hearings to resolve complaints or violations of laws or testify at such hearings.
Direct non-merchandising departments, such as advertising, purchasing, credit, or accounting.
Deliver speeches, write articles, or present information at meetings or conventions to promote services, exchange ideas, or accomplish objectives.
Interpret and explain policies, rules, regulations, or laws to organizations, government or corporate officials, or individuals.
Prepare or present reports concerning activities, expenses, budgets, government statutes or rulings, or other items affecting businesses or program services.
Review and analyze legislation, laws, or public policy and recommend changes to promote or support interests of the general population or special groups.
Prepare bylaws approved by elected officials and ensure that bylaws are enforced.
Administer programs for selection of sites, construction of buildings, or provision of equipment or supplies.
Serve as liaisons between organizations, shareholders, and outside organizations.
Attend and participate in meetings of municipal councils or council committees.
Represent organizations or promote their objectives at official functions or delegate representatives to do so.
Direct or conduct studies or research on issues affecting areas of responsibility.
Organize or approve promotional campaigns.
Nominate citizens to boards or commissions.
| Task | AI Capability | Risk | Time % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Direct or coordinate an organization's financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency. | 59.33Observed | 50.7% | 3% | |
| Appoint department heads or managers and assign or delegate responsibilities to them. | 10Estimated | 19.0% | 2% | |
| Analyze operations to evaluate performance of a company or its staff in meeting objectives or to determine areas of potential cost reduction, program improvement, or policy change. | 61.22Observed | 51.5% | 4% | |
| Direct, plan, or implement policies, objectives, or activities of organizations or businesses to ensure continuing operations, to maximize returns on investments, or to increase productivity. | 70Observed | 55.0% | 4% | |
| Direct or coordinate activities of businesses or departments concerned with production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products. | 40Estimated | 43.0% | 2% | |
| Prepare budgets for approval, including those for funding or implementation of programs. | 60Estimated | 51.0% | 2% | |
| Confer with board members, organization officials, or staff members to discuss issues, coordinate activities, or resolve problems. | 48.85Observed | 34.5% | 4% | |
| Implement corrective action plans to solve organizational or departmental problems. | 35Estimated | 41.0% | 2% | |
| Direct human resources activities, including the approval of human resource plans or activities, the selection of directors or other high-level staff, or establishment or organization of major departments. | 15Estimated | 21.0% | 2% | |
| Establish departmental responsibilities and coordinate functions among departments and sites. | 40Estimated | 43.0% | 2% | |
| Preside over or serve on boards of directors, management committees, or other governing boards. | 5Estimated | 17.0% | 2% | |
| Negotiate or approve contracts or agreements with suppliers, distributors, federal or state agencies, or other organizational entities. | 30Estimated | 27.0% | 3% | |
| Make presentations to legislative or other government committees regarding policies, programs, or budgets. | 15Estimated | 21.0% | 1% | |
| Refer major policy matters to elected representatives for final decisions. | 70Estimated | 77.2% | 1% | |
| Coordinate the development or implementation of budgetary control systems, recordkeeping systems, or other administrative control processes. | 60Estimated | 51.0% | 2% | |
| Direct or coordinate activities of businesses involved with buying or selling investment products or financial services. | 47.92Observed | 46.2% | 1% | |
| Review reports submitted by staff members to recommend approval or to suggest changes. | 65Estimated | 53.0% | 3% | |
| Conduct or direct investigations or hearings to resolve complaints or violations of laws or testify at such hearings. | 30Estimated | 39.0% | 1% | |
| Direct non-merchandising departments, such as advertising, purchasing, credit, or accounting. | 50Estimated | 47.0% | 1% | |
| Deliver speeches, write articles, or present information at meetings or conventions to promote services, exchange ideas, or accomplish objectives. | 35Estimated | 29.0% | 2% | |
| Interpret and explain policies, rules, regulations, or laws to organizations, government or corporate officials, or individuals. | 48.52Observed | 34.4% | 2% | |
| Prepare or present reports concerning activities, expenses, budgets, government statutes or rulings, or other items affecting businesses or program services. | 90Estimated | 85.2% | 2% | |
| Review and analyze legislation, laws, or public policy and recommend changes to promote or support interests of the general population or special groups. | 60Estimated | 51.0% | 2% | |
| Prepare bylaws approved by elected officials and ensure that bylaws are enforced. | 70Estimated | 77.2% | 1% | |
| Administer programs for selection of sites, construction of buildings, or provision of equipment or supplies. | 50Estimated | 47.0% | 1% | |
| Serve as liaisons between organizations, shareholders, and outside organizations. | 35.3Observed | 29.1% | 2% | |
| Attend and participate in meetings of municipal councils or council committees. | 10Estimated | 19.0% | 1% | |
| Represent organizations or promote their objectives at official functions or delegate representatives to do so. | 10Estimated | 19.0% | 2% | |
| Direct or conduct studies or research on issues affecting areas of responsibility. | 60Estimated | 51.0% | 1% | |
| Organize or approve promotional campaigns. | 55Estimated | 49.0% | 1% | |
| Nominate citizens to boards or commissions. | 35Estimated | 41.0% | 43% |
Protective Factors
Total protective discount: 37.1%
Essential Soft Skills
Traits that are hard for AI to replicate
Wage & Employment (2024)
Median Wage
$206,420
per year
Mean Wage
$262,930
per year
Employment
212K
workers
Wage Range
$73,710 - $239,200
10th - 90th pct
Wage Distribution
Explore other career paths
Compare displacement risk across occupations and find careers with stronger long-term prospects.
Alternate Career Paths
See all transitionsSales Managers
25%Median salary: $138,060
Higher risk than 20% of other occupations
Lawyers
26%Median salary: $151,160
Higher risk than 22% of other occupations
Medical and Health Services Managers
28%Median salary: $117,960
Higher risk than 29% of other occupations
Public Relations and Fundraising Managers
30%Higher risk than 39% of other occupations
Training and Development Managers
31%Median salary: $127,090
Higher risk than 42% of other occupations
Logistics Managers
32%Median salary: $102,010
Higher risk than 50% of other occupations
Supply Chain Managers
32%Median salary: $136,550
Higher risk than 51% of other occupations
First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers
33%Median salary: $84,130
Higher risk than 54% of other occupations
Treasurers and Controllers
33%Median salary: $161,700
Higher risk than 57% of other occupations
Purchasing Managers
34%Median salary: $139,510
Higher risk than 60% of other occupations
General and Operations Managers
28%Higher risk than 29% of other occupations
Marketing Managers
30%Higher risk than 38% of other occupations
Advertising and Promotions Managers
31%Higher risk than 43% of other occupations
Computer and Information Systems Managers
31%Higher risk than 45% of other occupations
Financial Managers
Recommendations
Skills to Develop
These skills are at risk from AI automation. Chief Executives professionals should diversify beyond them.
- Reading Comprehension
High reliance on Reading Comprehension is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
- Information Ordering
High reliance on Information Ordering is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
- Mathematics
High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
- Mathematics
High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.
- Memorization
Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Skills to Leverage
These human-centric skills remain difficult for AI to replicate. Double down here.
- Leadership
Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Complex Problem Solving
Complex Problem Solving is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Social Perceptiveness
Social Perceptiveness is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Coordination
Coordination is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Adaptability/Flexibility
Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Tools to Adopt
AI can amplify these skills. Learn the tools that augment rather than replace your work.
- Judgment and Decision Making
Judgment and Decision Making will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Systems Analysis
Systems Analysis will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Monitoring
Monitoring will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Active Learning
Active Learning will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
Score History
Risk score over 3 scoring runs
overall change
Related News
Recent articles about AI affecting this occupation
David Rubenstein Show: Jeremy Allaire
Circle chief executive Jeremy Allaire recently shared his perspective on how artificial intelligence will impact the broader labor market.