AITakeover Tracker
56%high risk

Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks

Compute, classify, and record numerical data to keep financial records complete. Perform any combination of routine calculating, posting, and verifying duties to obtain primary financial data for use in maintaining accounting records. May also check the accuracy of figures, calculations, and postings pertaining to business transactions recorded by other workers.

Higher risk than 99% of occupations

AI Impact Summary

Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks faces high AI displacement risk with a score of 56/100. This occupation has higher AI displacement risk than 99% of all analyzed occupations. Of 30 analyzed tasks, 15 are highly automatable, particularly routine cognitive tasks. Strong protective factors — including social intelligence, creativity, or regulatory barriers — significantly reduce effective risk.

Skill Impact Analysis

AI-Vulnerable Skills (6)

Mathematics10%

High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

Mathematics10%

High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

Reading Comprehension10%

High reliance on Reading Comprehension is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

Information Ordering5%

High reliance on Information Ordering is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

Memorization5%

Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

Programming15%

Programming is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

AI-Resistant Skills (11)

Adaptability/Flexibility85%

Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Leadership88%

Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Complex Problem Solving75%

Complex Problem Solving is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Coordination70%

Coordination is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Service Orientation82%

Service Orientation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Social Perceptiveness90%

Social Perceptiveness is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Persuasion80%

Persuasion is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Negotiation85%

Negotiation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

AI-Augmented Skills (7)

Critical ThinkingWritingMonitoringJudgment and Decision MakingActive LearningSystems AnalysisTechnology Design

Recommended Courses

Courses matched to Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks skill gaps, ranked by relevance to your displacement risk profile.

Get personalized recommendations. Answer a few questions about your experience and skills to get course suggestions tailored specifically to you.

Upskill to Reduce Risk

Courses addressing your most AI-vulnerable skills

Courseraintermediate

Machine Learning Specialization

by Stanford / DeepLearning.AI

~10 weeks$49/mo4.9Certificate
Addresses vulnerability: Mathematics

Estimated Impact

-7.3pt risk+$3K/yr salary

AI-Augmentation Tools

Learn to work alongside AI and boost your productivity

Coursera

Creative Writing Specialization

by Wesleyan University

~8 weeks$49/mo4.7Certificate
Enhances AI augmentation: Writing

Estimated Impact

-5pt risk+$3K/yr salary

Strengthen Your Edge

Double down on skills AI can't replicate

Courseraintermediate

Leading People and Teams Specialization

by University of Michigan

~6 weeks$49/mo4.7Certificate
Strengthens resilience: Leadership

Estimated Impact

-3.8pt risk+$3K/yr salary

We may earn a commission when you enroll through our links, at no extra cost to you. This helps fund the Takeover Tracker.

Risk reduction and salary impact are estimates based on skill gap analysis, course relevance, and labor market data. Actual results vary by individual circumstance.

Education & Training

Percentage of workers at each education and training level

Education Level

Less than High School6%
High School Diploma41%
Some College21%
Post-Secondary Certificate5%
Associate's Degree9%
Bachelor's Degree12%
Doctoral/Professional Degree7%

Prior Experience Needed

Work experience required to enter this job

None3%
Up to 1 month4%
1-3 months6%
3-6 months7%
6 months - 1 year13%
1-2 years21%
2-4 years22%
4-6 years24%

Training Provided After Hiring

How long it typically takes to learn on the job

None1%
Up to 1 month20%
1-3 months30%
3-6 months20%
6 months - 1 year22%
1-2 years7%

How AI Impacts Each Task

30 tasks analyzed

Perform personal bookkeeping services.

Risk: 83.2%AI: 85EstimatedTime: 2%

Operate computers programmed with accounting software to record, store, and analyze information.

Risk: 69.1%AI: 49.72ObservedTime: 8%

Prepare and process payroll information.

Risk: 67.7%AI: 46.25ObservedTime: 4%

Check figures, postings, and documents for correct entry, mathematical accuracy, and proper codes.

Risk: 87.2%AI: 95EstimatedTime: 6%

Prepare bank deposits by compiling data from cashiers, verifying and balancing receipts, and sending cash, checks, or other forms of payment to banks.

Risk: 73.2%AI: 60EstimatedTime: 3%

Compute deductions for income and social security taxes.

Risk: 69.5%AI: 50.8ObservedTime: 2%

Comply with federal, state, and company policies, procedures, and regulations.

Risk: 57.6%AI: 21.05ObservedTime: 3%

Operate 10-key calculators, typewriters, and copy machines to perform calculations and produce documents.

Risk: 45.0%AI: 30EstimatedTime: 4%

Receive, record, and bank cash, checks, and vouchers.

Risk: 73.2%AI: 60EstimatedTime: 3%

Calculate and prepare checks for utilities, taxes, and other payments.

Risk: 66.1%AI: 42.2ObservedTime: 3%

Monitor status of loans and accounts to ensure that payments are up to date.

Risk: 87.2%AI: 95EstimatedTime: 2%

Reconcile records of bank transactions.

Risk: 67.2%AI: 45ObservedTime: 3%

Compile budget data and documents, based on estimated revenues and expenses and previous budgets.

Risk: 70.8%AI: 53.87ObservedTime: 2%

Perform financial calculations, such as amounts due, interest charges, balances, discounts, equity, and principal.

Risk: 63.4%AI: 35.52ObservedTime: 4%

Code documents according to company procedures.

Risk: 86.0%AI: 92EstimatedTime: 3%

Reconcile or note and report discrepancies found in records.

Risk: 59.0%AI: 80EstimatedTime: 4%

Perform general office duties, such as filing, answering telephones, and handling routine correspondence.

Risk: 68.9%AI: 49.3ObservedTime: 5%

Compare computer printouts to manually maintained journals to determine if they match.

Risk: 77.2%AI: 70EstimatedTime: 3%

Transfer details from separate journals to general ledgers or data processing sheets.

Risk: 87.2%AI: 95EstimatedTime: 3%

Access computerized financial information to answer general questions as well as those related to specific accounts.

Risk: 63.3%AI: 35.12ObservedTime: 3%

Classify, record, and summarize numerical and financial data to compile and keep financial records, using journals and ledgers or computers.

Risk: 67.6%AI: 46.1ObservedTime: 5%

Complete and submit tax forms and returns, workers' compensation forms, pension contribution forms, and other government documents.

Risk: 79.2%AI: 75EstimatedTime: 2%

Calculate, prepare, and issue bills, invoices, account statements, and other financial statements according to established procedures.

Risk: 68.6%AI: 48.5ObservedTime: 4%

Debit, credit, and total accounts on computer spreadsheets and databases, using specialized accounting software.

Risk: 88.4%AI: 98EstimatedTime: 5%

Calculate costs of materials, overhead, and other expenses, based on estimates, quotations and price lists.

Risk: 69.2%AI: 50ObservedTime: 2%

Match order forms with invoices, and record the necessary information.

Risk: 87.2%AI: 95EstimatedTime: 3%

Prepare purchase orders and expense reports.

Risk: 85.2%AI: 90EstimatedTime: 2%

Prepare trial balances of books.

Risk: 88.4%AI: 98EstimatedTime: 2%

Compile statistical, financial, accounting, or auditing reports and tables pertaining to such matters as cash receipts, expenditures, accounts payable and receivable, and profits and losses.

Risk: 69.9%AI: 51.85ObservedTime: 3%

Maintain inventory records.

Risk: 85.2%AI: 90EstimatedTime: 2%

Protective Factors

Total protective discount: 23.4%

Essential Soft Skills

Traits that are hard for AI to replicate

DependabilityAttention to DetailIntegrityCooperationInitiativeAdaptability/FlexibilityConcern for OthersIndependenceAchievement/EffortSelf ControlStress ToleranceLeadership

Wage & Employment (2024)

Median Wage

$49,210

per year

Mean Wage

$52,020

per year

Employment

1.5M

workers

Wage Range

$34,600 - $72,660

10th - 90th pct

Wage Distribution

$34,600Median: $49,210$72,660
Career Planning

Explore other career paths

Compare displacement risk across occupations and find careers with stronger long-term prospects.

Alternate Career Paths

See all transitions

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Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping

47%
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Municipal Clerks

47%
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Median salary: $47,700

Higher risk than 94% of other occupations

Legal Secretaries

48%
Medium Risk

Median salary: $54,140

Higher risk than 95% of other occupations

File Clerks

48%
Medium Risk

Median salary: $41,270

Higher risk than 95% of other occupations

Procurement Clerks

49%
Medium Risk

Median salary: $48,510

Higher risk than 97% of other occupations

Billing, Cost, and Rate Clerks

51%
High Risk

Median salary: $47,170

Higher risk than 98% of other occupations

Brokerage Clerks

52%
High Risk

Median salary: $62,940

Higher risk than 98% of other occupations

Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks

59%
High Risk

Median salary: $55,290

Higher risk than 99% of other occupations

Sales Managers

25%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 20% of other occupations

Chief Executives

26%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 23% of other occupations

General and Operations Managers

28%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 29% of other occupations

Marketing Managers

30%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 38% of other occupations

Advertising and Promotions Managers

31%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 43% of other occupations

Computer and Information Systems Managers

31%
Medium Risk

Higher risk than 45% of other occupations

Subscribed — always updated

Recommendations

Skills to Develop

These skills are at risk from AI automation. Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks professionals should diversify beyond them.

  • Mathematics

    High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

  • Mathematics

    High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

  • Reading Comprehension

    High reliance on Reading Comprehension is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

  • Information Ordering

    High reliance on Information Ordering is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

  • Memorization

    Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.

Skills to Leverage

These human-centric skills remain difficult for AI to replicate. Double down here.

  • Adaptability/Flexibility

    Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

  • Leadership

    Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

  • Complex Problem Solving

    Complex Problem Solving is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

  • Coordination

    Coordination is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

  • Service Orientation

    Service Orientation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Tools to Adopt

AI can amplify these skills. Learn the tools that augment rather than replace your work.

  • Critical Thinking

    Critical Thinking will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

  • Writing

    Writing will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

  • Monitoring

    Monitoring will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

  • Judgment and Decision Making

    Judgment and Decision Making will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

  • Active Learning

    Active Learning will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.

Score History

Risk score over 2 scoring runs

-1.5

overall change

Checking for existing plan...