Waiters and Waitresses
Take orders and serve food and beverages to patrons at tables in dining establishment.
AI Impact Summary
Waiters and Waitresses faces moderate AI displacement risk with a score of 34/100. This occupation has higher AI displacement risk than 61% of all analyzed occupations. Of 25 analyzed tasks, 4 are highly automatable, particularly routine cognitive tasks. Strong protective factors — including social intelligence, creativity, or regulatory barriers — significantly reduce effective risk.
Skill Impact Analysis
AI-Vulnerable Skills (6)
Information Ordering is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Reading Comprehension is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Programming is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
AI-Resistant Skills (11)
Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Service Orientation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Social Perceptiveness is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Coordination is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Persuasion is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Complex Problem Solving is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Manual Dexterity is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
AI-Augmented Skills (7)
Recommended Courses
Courses matched to Waiters and Waitresses skill gaps, ranked by relevance to your displacement risk profile.
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Upskill to Reduce Risk
Courses addressing your most AI-vulnerable skills
SQL Fundamentals Skill Track
by DataCamp
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AI-Augmentation Tools
Learn to work alongside AI and boost your productivity
Cybersecurity Fundamentals Path
by Pluralsight
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Strengthen Your Edge
Double down on skills AI can't replicate
Customer Service Fundamentals
by Knowledge Accelerators
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Risk reduction and salary impact are estimates based on skill gap analysis, course relevance, and labor market data. Actual results vary by individual circumstance.
Education & Training
Percentage of workers at each education and training level
Education Level
Prior Experience Needed
Work experience required to enter this job
Training Provided After Hiring
How long it typically takes to learn on the job
How AI Impacts Each Task
25 tasks analyzed
Take orders from patrons for food or beverages.
Check with customers to ensure that they are enjoying their meals and take action to correct any problems.
Check patrons' identification to ensure that they meet minimum age requirements for consumption of alcoholic beverages.
Collect payments from customers.
Write patrons' food orders on order slips, memorize orders, or enter orders into computers for transmittal to kitchen staff.
Prepare checks that itemize and total meal costs and sales taxes.
Present menus to patrons and answer questions about menu items, making recommendations upon request.
Remove dishes and glasses from tables or counters and take them to kitchen for cleaning.
Serve food or beverages to patrons, and prepare or serve specialty dishes at tables as required.
Clean tables or counters after patrons have finished dining.
Prepare tables for meals, including setting up items such as linens, silverware, and glassware.
Explain how various menu items are prepared, describing ingredients and cooking methods.
Assist host or hostess by answering phones to take reservations or to-go orders, and by greeting, seating, and thanking guests.
Escort customers to their tables.
Perform cleaning duties, such as sweeping and mopping floors, vacuuming carpet, tidying up server station, taking out trash, or checking and cleaning bathroom.
Inform customers of daily specials.
Prepare hot, cold, and mixed drinks for patrons, and chill bottles of wine.
Roll silverware, set up food stations, or set up dining areas to prepare for the next shift or for large parties.
Stock service areas with supplies such as coffee, food, tableware, and linens.
Bring wine selections to tables with appropriate glasses, and pour the wines for customers.
Fill salt, pepper, sugar, cream, condiment, and napkin containers.
Describe and recommend wines to customers.
Perform food preparation duties such as preparing salads, appetizers, and cold dishes, portioning desserts, and brewing coffee.
Garnish and decorate dishes in preparation for serving.
Provide guests with information about local areas, including giving directions.
| Task | AI Capability | Risk | Time % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Take orders from patrons for food or beverages. | 75Estimated | 45.0% | 8% | |
| Check with customers to ensure that they are enjoying their meals and take action to correct any problems. | 10Estimated | 19.0% | 6% | |
| Check patrons' identification to ensure that they meet minimum age requirements for consumption of alcoholic beverages. | 90Estimated | 85.2% | 2% | |
| Collect payments from customers. | 95Estimated | 87.2% | 4% | |
| Write patrons' food orders on order slips, memorize orders, or enter orders into computers for transmittal to kitchen staff. | 95Estimated | 87.2% | 6% | |
| Prepare checks that itemize and total meal costs and sales taxes. | 100Estimated | 89.2% | 3% | |
| Present menus to patrons and answer questions about menu items, making recommendations upon request. | 60Estimated | 39.0% | 5% | |
| Remove dishes and glasses from tables or counters and take them to kitchen for cleaning. | 35Estimated | 47.0% | 8% | |
| Serve food or beverages to patrons, and prepare or serve specialty dishes at tables as required. | 20Estimated | 17.0% | 8% | |
| Clean tables or counters after patrons have finished dining. | 30Estimated | 45.0% | 5% | |
| Prepare tables for meals, including setting up items such as linens, silverware, and glassware. | 20Estimated | 41.0% | 4% | |
| Explain how various menu items are prepared, describing ingredients and cooking methods. | 56.9Observed | 37.8% | 4% | |
| Assist host or hostess by answering phones to take reservations or to-go orders, and by greeting, seating, and thanking guests. | 60Estimated | 39.0% | 3% | |
| Escort customers to their tables. | 40Estimated | 31.0% | 2% | |
| Perform cleaning duties, such as sweeping and mopping floors, vacuuming carpet, tidying up server station, taking out trash, or checking and cleaning bathroom. | 45Estimated | 51.0% | 4% | |
| Inform customers of daily specials. | 80Estimated | 47.0% | 2% | |
| Prepare hot, cold, and mixed drinks for patrons, and chill bottles of wine. | 70Estimated | 61.0% | 3% | |
| Roll silverware, set up food stations, or set up dining areas to prepare for the next shift or for large parties. | 20Estimated | 41.0% | 4% | |
| Stock service areas with supplies such as coffee, food, tableware, and linens. | 35Estimated | 47.0% | 4% | |
| Bring wine selections to tables with appropriate glasses, and pour the wines for customers. | 10Estimated | 13.0% | 2% | |
| Fill salt, pepper, sugar, cream, condiment, and napkin containers. | 25Estimated | 43.0% | 3% | |
| Describe and recommend wines to customers. | 59.52Observed | 38.8% | 2% | |
| Perform food preparation duties such as preparing salads, appetizers, and cold dishes, portioning desserts, and brewing coffee. | 65Estimated | 59.0% | 4% | |
| Garnish and decorate dishes in preparation for serving. | 30Estimated | 45.0% | 2% | |
| Provide guests with information about local areas, including giving directions. | 47.12Observed | 33.9% | 2% |
Protective Factors
Total protective discount: 27.7%
Essential Soft Skills
Traits that are hard for AI to replicate
Wage & Employment (2024)
Median Wage
$33,760
per year
Mean Wage
$38,360
per year
Employment
2.3M
workers
Wage Range
$18,500 - $62,510
10th - 90th pct
Wage Distribution
Explore other career paths
Compare displacement risk across occupations and find careers with stronger long-term prospects.
Alternate Career Paths
See all transitionsDining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers
34%Median salary: $32,670
Higher risk than 62% of other occupations
Food Preparation Workers
37%Median salary: $34,220
Higher risk than 71% of other occupations
Ushers, Lobby Attendants, and Ticket Takers
38%Median salary: $31,150
Higher risk than 75% of other occupations
Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop
40%Median salary: $30,380
Higher risk than 79% of other occupations
Stock Clerks, Sales Floor
42%Higher risk than 85% of other occupations
Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food
43%Higher risk than 89% of other occupations
Food Servers, Nonrestaurant
44%Median salary: $34,460
Higher risk than 90% of other occupations
Cashiers
45%Median salary: $31,190
Higher risk than 91% of other occupations
Cooks, Fast Food
46%Median salary: $30,160
Higher risk than 93% of other occupations
Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop
47%Higher risk than 94% of other occupations
Sales Managers
25%Higher risk than 20% of other occupations
Chief Executives
26%Higher risk than 23% of other occupations
General and Operations Managers
28%Higher risk than 29% of other occupations
Marketing Managers
30%Higher risk than 38% of other occupations
Advertising and Promotions Managers
31%Higher risk than 43% of other occupations
Computer and Information Systems Managers
31%Higher risk than 45% of other occupations
Recommendations
Skills to Develop
These skills are at risk from AI automation. Waiters and Waitresses professionals should diversify beyond them.
- Information Ordering
Information Ordering is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
- Memorization
Memorization is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
- Reading Comprehension
Reading Comprehension is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
- Mathematics
Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
- Mathematics
Mathematics is AI-vulnerable but has moderate importance in this role. AI tools may handle this; focus on higher-value skills.
Skills to Leverage
These human-centric skills remain difficult for AI to replicate. Double down here.
- Adaptability/Flexibility
Adaptability/Flexibility is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Service Orientation
Service Orientation is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Social Perceptiveness
Social Perceptiveness is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Leadership
Leadership is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
- Coordination
Coordination is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.
Tools to Adopt
AI can amplify these skills. Learn the tools that augment rather than replace your work.
- Monitoring
Monitoring will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Active Learning
Active Learning will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Judgment and Decision Making
Judgment and Decision Making will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
- Writing
Writing will be enhanced by AI. Develop expertise in using AI tools for this skill to increase productivity.
Score History
Risk score over 2 scoring runs
overall change